Intangiriro:
Ese wigeze wibaza impamvu urwego rw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi rugenda rurushaho kuba rubi? Igisubizo gishobora kuba cyihishe mu "itandukaniro ry'amashanyarazi" rya paki ya bateri. Itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko ni iki? Dufashe urugero rw'ipaki ya bateri ya lithium icyuma ya 48V, igizwe n'uruhererekane 15 rwa bateri zihujwe mu ruhererekane. Mu gihe cyo gusharija, umuvuduko wo gusharija wa buri ruhererekane rwa bateri ntuba uhwanye. Hari abantu "batihangana" basharija byuzuye hakiri kare, abandi bagatinda kandi bagatuza. Itandukaniro ry'amashanyarazi riterwa n'iri tandukaniro ry'umuvuduko ni ryo shingiro ry'uko paki ya bateri "itasharija byuzuye cyangwa ngo ifungurwe", bigatuma urwego rw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi rugabanuka cyane.
Ingamba zo kurwanya: "Umukino wo gutera no kwirwanaho" w'ikoranabuhanga ribiri riringaniye
Uhanganye n'ikibazo cy'itandukaniro ry'amashanyarazi ku buzima bwa bateri,Ikoranabuhanga ryo kuringaniza batiriyavutse. Kuri ubu, igabanyijemo ibice bibiri: kuringaniza ibintu mu buryo butaziguye (passive balancing) na kuringaniza ibintu mu buryo bufatika (active balancing), buri kimwe gifite "uburyo bwo kurwana" bwihariye.
（1） Uburinganire Budakoreshejwe: 'Intambara yo Gukoresha Ingufu' yo mu Ruhuhuma nk'Iterambere
Kunganya imbaraga gusa ni nk''umuhanga mu gukoresha ingufu'', ukoresha ingamba zo gusubira inyuma nk'uko bigenda. Iyo hari itandukaniro ry'amashanyarazi hagati y'imigozi ya bateri, izakoresha ingufu zirenze urugero z'umugozi wa bateri ufite ingufu nyinshi binyuze mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe n'ubundi buryo. Ibi ni nko gushyiraho inzitizi ku muntu wiruka yiruka cyane, akagabanya umuvuduko maze agategereza ko bateri ifite ingufu nkeya "igera ku murongo". Nubwo ubu buryo bushobora kugabanya icyuho cy'amashanyarazi hagati y'imigozi ya bateri, mu by'ukuri ni ugupfusha ubusa ingufu, guhindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi zirenzeho ubushyuhe no kubukuraho, kandi inzira yo gutegereza izongera igihe cyo gusharija muri rusange.
（2） Ingano Ikora: 'Ubuhanga bwo Gutwara Ingufu' Bunoze kandi Bwuzuye
Ubu buryo bwo kuringaniza ingufu bumeze nk'ikintu gitwara ingufu nyinshi, gikoresha ingamba zo gukora ibishoboka byose. Butuma ingufu z'amashanyarazi za bateri zikoresha ingufu nyinshi zijya kuri bateri zikoresha ingufu nke, bugagera ku ntego yo "guhuza imbaraga no kwishyura intege nke". Ubu buryo bwirinda gutakaza ingufu, bugahuza ingufu z'ipaki ya bateri neza, kandi bunoza imikorere rusange ya bateri. Ariko, bitewe n'uburyo bugoye bwo kohereza ingufu, ikiguzi cy'ikoranabuhanga ryo kuringaniza ingufu kiri hejuru, kandi ingorane mu bya tekiniki nazo ni nyinshi, hamwe n'ibisabwa bikomeye kugira ngo ibikoresho bihamye kandi byizerwa.
Kwirinda mbere y'igihe: "Umukozi upima ubushobozi neza"
Nubwo ikoranabuhanga ryo kuringaniza ritabayeho cyangwa rikora rishobora kugabanya ikibazo cy’itandukaniro ry’amashanyarazi ku rugero runaka no kunoza imikorere y’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, rihora rifatwa nk' "ibipimo byo gukosora nyuma y’uko bibaye". Kugira ngo umenye ubuzima bwa bateri uhereye mu mizi no gukumira itandukaniro ry’amashanyarazi, gukurikirana neza ni ingenzi. Muri iki gikorwa, umuhanga mu gupima ubushobozi yabaye "inzobere mu buzima bwa bateri" y’ingenzi.
Itsindaipima ubushobozi bwa batiriirashobora kumenya amakuru y'ingenzi nka voltage, ubushobozi, n'ubudahangarwa bw'imbere bwa buri mugozi w'ipaki ya bateri mu gihe nyacyo kandi neza. Mu gusesengura aya makuru, ishobora kumenya neza itandukaniro rishobora kubaho ry'amashanyarazi mbere y'igihe, kimwe no gushyiraho "radar y'uburinzi" kuri paki ya bateri. Ikoresheje iyo porogaramu, abayikoresha bashobora kugira icyo bakora mu gihe gito mbere y'uko ibibazo bya bateri birushaho gukomera, byaba ari uguhindura no kunoza ingamba zo gusharija cyangwa gusuzuma ingaruka zo gushyira mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga ryo kuringaniza. Ipima ubushobozi rishobora gutanga ishingiro rya siyansi n'ukuri, rigakuraho by'ukuri amakosa ya bateri mu gihe gito, kandi rigakomeza urwego rw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ku rwego rwiza.
Gusaba Igiciro:
Jacqueline:jacqueline@heltec-energy.com/ +86 185 8375 6538
Nancy:nancy@heltec-energy.com/ +86 184 8223 7713
Igihe cyo kohereza: 30 Kamena-2025