Iriburiro:
Wow, iki gihangano gishobora gukuraho burundu amategeko yumukino mu nganda nshya zingufu! Ku ya 12 Gashyantare 2025, ikinyamakuru mpuzamahanga cyo hejuru cyitwa Nature cyasohoye intambwe y’impinduramatwara. Ikipe ya Peng Huisheng / Gao Yue wo muri kaminuza ya Fudan mu Bushinwa bahimbye agashyabatiri ya lithium "tekinoroji", kurenga ku mahame gakondo yo gushushanya ya bateri ya lithium mumyaka irenga 30, ishobora kongera igihe cya bateri inshuro zirenga 10! Bateri isanzwe ya lithium fer fosifate iracyafite 96% yubushobozi bwayo nyuma yo kwishyurwa 11.818 no gusohora! Urabizi, bateri ya lithium kurubu ku isoko ikoreshwa inshuro 1000-2000.
Ibi bivuze iki? Tesla yahoze ikenera gusimbuza bateri yayo buri myaka 6-8, ariko ubu irashobora gutwarwa mumyaka 60 bitabaye ngombwa ko iyisimbuza! Iphone yawe irashobora kwishyurwa no gusezererwa inshuro 10,000 utabuze imbaraga!
Guhishurirwa tekinoroji yo gusana bateri biva mubuvuzi bwabantu
Nigute ubu buvumbuzi bw'igitangaza bwavutse?
Kimwe no kuvura indwara z'abantu, twibanze ku gusana ibibazo by'ibanze bya batiri mu gihe turinda ibice bizima ", nk'uko byasobanuwe na Gao Yue, umushakashatsi muri kaminuza ya Fudan.
Mu ntangiriro, impamvu nyamukuru yo "gusaza" ya bateri ya lithium kwari ukubura ioni ya lithium. Nkuko kubura intungamubiri runaka mumubiri wumuntu bishobora gutera uburwayi, bateri nayo ishobora kugabanuka kumikorere kubera imirire mibi. Igitekerezo cyitsinda ryikipe ni: Turashobora kuzuza ioni ya lithium yatakaye muri bateri nko guha inshinge umurwayi?
AI ifasha guca muri tekinoroji yingirakamaro ya batiri
Ariko, kubona "inshinge" ikwiye ntabwo ari umurimo woroshye. Iyi molekile itwara igomba icyarimwe kuba yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa byumutungo nubumara:
- Kugira ibikorwa byamashanyarazi bikwiye hamwe no kwangirika kwa voltage.
- Gukemura neza muri electrolyte.
- Ifite ikirere cyiza kandi gihamye.
- Acide ikwiye, alkalinity, na reaction kinetics.
- Ibicuruzwa byangirika bigomba kuba bifite umutekano kandi bitagira ingaruka.
- Icyingenzi cyane, bigomba kuba bihendutse kandi byoroshye kuzamura umusaruro.
Ubwenge bwa gihanga buvumbura ibikoresho byingenzi
Nta ntangarugero yo gukurikiza, itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ryerekeje ku bwenge bwa gihanga. Banditse imibare ya molekuline kandi bakoresha imashini yiga imashini kugirango babone ibisubizo bivuye mubwinshi bwa chimie organic, electrochemie nibikoresho byububiko.
Akazi gakomeye karahembye! Nyuma yimyaka 4 yo gukora cyane, amaherezo babonye igisubizo cyiza: CF3SO2Li (lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate). Iyi molekile ni nka transport ya miniature, itwara electroni ya lithium kuruhande rumwe ikayirekura neza nka gaze kurundi ruhande nyuma yubwikorezi burangiye.
Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi biratangaje!
Mu bushakashatsi, bateri yakiriye ubu "buryo bwo kuvura neza" yari igifite imikorere yegeranye n’uruganda na nyuma ya 12000 kugeza 60000 yishyuza no gusohora. Ibi ntabwo byongera ubuzima bwa bateri gusa, ahubwo binatanga igisubizo gishoboka cya tekiniki kugirango gikemure ikibazo cyimyanda minini yanduye.
Ndetse igishimishije kurushaho ni uko iryo koranabuhanga ryafunguye ibintu bishya bishoboka:
Yashyize mu bikorwa sisitemu ya batiri ya litiro yubusa ya cathode hamwe na voltage ya 3.0V hamwe nubucucike bwingufu zigera kuri 1192 Wh / kg.
Yateje imbere ingufu za sulfurize polyacrylonitrile cathode ya pisine ya pisine ifite ingufu zingana na 388 Wh / kg.
Ingaruka ya Revolution
Iterambere rizahindura rwose amategeko yumukino mu nganda nshya zingufu:
Bizagabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo gukoresha ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, bigabanye cyane kwanduza ibidukikije biterwa no gukuraho bateri, no gufungura ibitekerezo bishya byo gushushanya bateri nshya; ikintu gishimishije cyane nuko ikiguzi cyikoranabuhanga ari kinini - biteganijwe ko kizagera munsi ya 10% yikiguzi cyose cya batiri, bivuze ko gifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ubucuruzi bunini!
Nkuko umushakashatsi Gao Yue yabivuze: Niba ari ukongera igihe cya batiri cyangwa gukumira gutererana kwinshi n’umwanda w’ibidukikije, ubu "buryo bwo kuvura neza" butanga igisubizo gishoboka cya tekiniki. Ubu bushakashatsi ntibwerekana gusa imbaraga z’Ubushinwa mu bijyanye n’ingufu nshya, ahubwo inatangaza ko hageze ibihe bishya. Mu minsi ya vuba, "guhangayika kwa batiri" bishobora guhinduka amateka. Reka dutegereze ubucuruzi bwubu buhanga bwimpinduramatwara vuba bishoboka!
Gusaba Amagambo:
Jacqueline:jacqueline@heltec-bms.com/ +86 185 8375 6538
Intsinzi:sucre@heltec-bms.com/ +86 136 8844 2313
Nancy:nancy@heltec-bms.com/ +86 184 8223 7713
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-28-2025