Intangiriro:
Bateri ya lithiumBafashe igihe cyo kwita ku isi ndetse no kubona igihembo cy'icyubahiro cy'imfura kubera porogaramu zabo zifatika, zagize ingaruka zikomeye ku iterambere rya bateri ndetse n'amateka y'abantu. None, kuki batteri za lithium zihabwa cyane kwisi ndetse ukanatsindira igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel?
Urufunguzo rwo gusobanukirwa ubusobanuro bwa bateri ya lithium iri mumitungo yabo idasanzwe hamwe ningaruka zifatika bafite ku ikoranabuhanga na societe. Bitandukanye na bateri gakondo, zishingiye kubitekerezo bya shimi birimo ibyuma biremereye nkiyobowe cyangwa cadmium, bateri ya lithium ikoresha lithium ions kubika no kurekura ingufu. Iyi miyoboro itanga ibyiza byinshi, harimo n'ubucucike buhebuje, burebure, hamwe n'ubushobozi bwihuse bwo kwishyuza, ubakore amahitamo meza yo gusaba byinshi.
Impamvu ya Batterium Lithium ikunzwe
Imwe mumpamvu zibanze zibyitondera cyane kandi ushishikarirebateri ya lithiumEse uruhare rwabo mugushoboza ikwirakwizwa ryibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Kugaruka kwa terefone, ibinini, hamwe nibindi bikoresho bigendanwa byahinduye itumanaho, imyidagaduro, hamwe no gutanga umusaruro, na bateri, na bateri yumusaruro byagize uruhare mu kuvura ibi bikoresho. Igishushanyo cyabo cyoroshye kandi cyuzuye, hamwe nubushobozi bwabo bwo gutanga imbaraga zizewe kandi kurambye, byatumye bitabibazo mugihe cya none cya digitale.
Byongeye kandi, kuzamuka kw'ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi (evs) byagize uruhare rugaragara ya bateri ya lithium. Mugihe isi ishaka kuva kure yibice byibinyabuzima no kugabanya ibyuka bya gaze ya gaze, evs yagaragaye nkubundi buryo bwo gutangaza moteri yuzuye moteri yimbere. Icy'ingenzi ku ntsinzi ya Evs ni bateri yimikorere miremire ishobora kubika no gutanga imbaraga nyinshi zisabwa kugirango utware igihe kirekire. Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya Litium-ion ryabaye imbaraga zitera imbere yisoko ryikinyabiziga ryihuse, rikurura ibitekerezo byingenzi kubashoramari, kwitondera abashoramari, abafata ibyemezo, nabaturage.
Batteri zirambye
Usibye ibyifuzo byabo mubuguzi bwa elegitoroniki nubwikorezi bwabaguzi, bakinnye kandi uruhare runini mu kwishyira hamwe kw'ingufu zishobora kuvugurura, nk'izuba n'imbaraga z'imirasire, mu mashanyarazi. Uburyo bwo kubika ingufu bushingiye kuri Lithium-ion bwashoboje gufata neza imbaraga no gukoresha ingufu zibiteganijwe, gufasha guhungabanya gride no kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku mashanyarazi ashingiye ku mashanyarazi. Uyu musanzu mu nzofatizo zerekeza ku bikorwa remezo by'ingufu birambye kandi byihangana byazamuye imiterere yabateri ya lithiumku isi.
Kumenya bateri ya Lithium hamwe nigihembo cyitiriwe Nobel muri chimie muri 2019 byashimangiye ingaruka zikomeye zubu buhanga ku isi. Igihembo cyahawe John B. Goonsough, M. Stanley Whittingham, na Akira Yoshino ku mirimo yabo y'ubupayiniya mu iterambere rya Lithium-ion ion, yemere uruhare rwabo mu iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ribikwa ingufu. Komite ya Nobel yagaragaje akamaro ka bateri ya lithium mu gukemura ibibazo by'imihindagurikire y'ikirere no koroshya guhindura ingufu mu buryo burambye.
Ejo hazaza h'iriyo
Kureba imbere, ibitekerezo byakiriwe nabateri ya lithiumbirashoboka gukomeza kuba abashakashatsi ninganda ziharanira kuzamura imikorere, umutekano, no kuramba ibidukikije. Imbaraga zihoraho zo kongera ubucucike bwingufu, kugabanya ibiciro, no kunoza inzira yo gutunganywa bizanenga hazakomeza kubaho ningaruka za bateri ya lithuum muburyo bwimbitse.
Mu gusoza, kwitondera no kumenyekana byatewe na bateri ya lithium biturutse ku ruhare rwabo cyane mu guharanira impinduramatwara, gutwara amashanyarazi yo gutwara, no gushoboza kwishyira hamwe n'ingufu zishobora kuvugurura. Igihembo cya Nobel cyahawe abapayiniya b'Ikoranabuhanga rya Kithium rikora mu Isezerano ku ruhare rwinshi rwo guhanga udushya ku isi. Nkuko societe ikomeje gukurikiza ingufu zisukuye nikoranabuhanga riteye imbere, niteguye kuguma ku isonga mu isonga mu guhanga ku isi no guhanga udushya, guhindura ejo hazaza h'ububiko bw'ingufu no kuramba.
Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa wifuza kwiga byinshi, nyamuneka ntutindiganyeKureka.
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Igihe cya nyuma: Aug-22-2024