Iriburiro:
Bitewe nintego "kutabogama kwa karubone" kwisi yose, inganda nshya zimodoka zingufu ziratera imbere kuburyo butangaje. Nk "umutima" wibinyabiziga bishya byingufu,bateribatanze umusanzu utazibagirana. Nimbaraga zayo nyinshi nubuzima burebure, byahindutse moteri ikomeye kuriyi mpinduramatwara yo gutwara abantu. Nka mpande zombi z'igiceri, ibintu byose bifite impande ebyiri. Mugihe bateri ya lithium ituzanira ingufu zisukuye kandi zikora neza, ziraherekezwa kandi nikibazo kidashobora kwirengagizwa - guta batiri ya litiro.
Imyanda ya batiri ya lithium
Tekereza ko imodoka nshya zingufu zigenda zinyura mumihanda yumujyi. Baracecetse kandi bitangiza ibidukikije, kandi bashushanya ishusho nziza yingendo zizaza kuri twe. Ariko iyo izo modoka zirangije inshingano zazo, bizagenda bite "umutima" wabo -Batiri? Amakuru yerekana ko mu 2025, bateri y’amashanyarazi y’izabukuru iteganijwe kugera kuri GWh 1,100, bingana n’amashanyarazi ya buri mwaka y’amashanyarazi atanu ya Gorges. Umubare munini nkuwo, niba udafashwe neza, bizatera igitutu kinini kubidukikije nubutunzi.
Batiyeri ya Lithium yimyanda irimo ibikoresho byinshi byicyuma nka lithium, cobalt, na nikel. Turamutse tubemereye kuzimira, byaba ari nko kureka "ibirombe byo mu mijyi". Igiteye impungenge kurushaho ni uko bateri ya lithium yimyanda nayo irimo ibintu byangiza nka electrolytite nicyuma kiremereye. Niba bidakozwe neza, bizatera umwanda mwinshi kubutaka, amasoko y'amazi, ndetse nikirere, ndetse byangiza ubuzima bwabantu.
Guhangana nibibazo bizanwa na bateri ya lithium yimyanda, ntidushobora kwicara ubusa, ntidushobora gutinya bateri. Ahubwo, tugomba gushakisha byimazeyo ibisubizo, guhindura "akaga" "amahirwe", kandi tugatangira inzira yiterambere rirambye hamwe nicyatsi kibisi. Kubwamahirwe, iterambere rya siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga ryatweretse icyerekezo kuri twe. Impinduramatwara yicyatsi iterwa nudushya mu ikoranabuhanga igaragara ituje, izana ibyiringiro bishya byo "kuvuka ubwa kabiri" ya batiri ya lithium.
Litiyumu ya batiri icyatsi kibisi, guhindura imyanda mubutunzi
Muri iyi mpinduramatwara y'icyatsi, hagaragaye ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho bitandukanye bigezweho. Bameze nk "" alchemiste "yubumaji bongera gukuramo umutungo wingenzi muri bateri ya lithium yimyanda, ikayihindura ubutunzi ikongera ikabyutsa imbaraga.
Reka tujye muri "uruganda rwo gusenya" imyandabateri. Hano, bateri ya lithium yamenagura no gutondeka ibikoresho ni nk "" umuganga ubaga ". Barashobora gusenya neza no gutondekanya bateri ya lithium yimyanda, gutandukanya ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho bya batiri, kandi bagashyiraho urufatiro rwo gutunganya no gutunganya nyuma.
Hanyuma, ibikoresho bya batiri byashyizwe mubikorwa bizinjira "amahugurwa" atandukanye yo gutunganya bitandukanye. Ibikoresho byiza bya electrode birimo ibyuma nka lithium, cobalt, na nikel bizoherezwa mu "mahugurwa yo gukuramo ibyuma". Binyuze muri hydrometallurgie, pyrometallurgie nibindi bikorwa, ibyo byuma byagaciro bizakurwa kugirango bikore bateri nshya ya lithium cyangwa nibindi bicuruzwa.
Ibice bya batiri birimo ibintu byangiza nka electrolytite n’ibyuma biremereye bizoherezwa mu mahugurwa yihariye yo "kwita ku bidukikije", aho bazajya banyura mu buryo bunoze bwo kuvura kugira ngo ibintu byangiza bitangwe neza kandi neza bitiriwe bitera umwanda kuri ibidukikije
Twabibutsa ko mugikorwa cyo gutunganya imyanda ya batiri ya lithium, kurengera ibidukikije aricyo kintu cyambere. Mu rwego rwo kugabanya umwanda w’ibidukikije, ibigo byinshi byifashishije ikoranabuhanga n’ibikoresho bigezweho byo kurengera ibidukikije, urugero nka batiri ya lithium batiri yatandukanijwe n’ibikoresho bya sisitemu yo gukoresha neza.
Ibi bikoresho ni nkibikoresho byuzuye "kurinda ibidukikije". Ihuza ingamba nyinshi zo gukingira nka sisitemu yo gufunga hamwe na sisitemu yo kweza, ishobora gukumira neza ibyuka bihumanya ikirere n’amazi y’amazi atemba, byemeza ko inzira zose zitunganyirizwa ibidukikije ari icyatsi, cyangiza ibidukikije kandi gifite umutekano
Inyungu zubukungu zo gutunganya bateri ya lithium
Ibigo bimwe na bimwe birimo gushakisha byimazeyo uburyo bwo kuzigama ingufu no kubungabunga ibidukikije, nkibikorwa bishya byo "guhindagurika k'ubushyuhe buke + + electrolyte cryogenic recycling combination". Ubu buryo ni nk "umukozi wo mu rugo udafite ubukana", ushobora kugabanya cyane igiciro cya batiri ya lithium. gukoresha ingufu n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, no guhuza igitekerezo cyo kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya muri buri murongo
Hamwe niterambere ryogukomeza no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, uburyo bwo gutunganya neza no kurengera ibidukikije bya batiri ya lithium yakoreshejwe byatejwe imbere ku buryo bugaragara, bitanga umusanzu mwiza mu gutunganya umutungo no kurengera ibidukikije.
Kongera gukoreshabaterintabwo ari umushinga wo kurengera ibidukikije gusa, ahubwo urimo agaciro gakomeye mubukungu. Litiyumu, cobalt, nikel nibindi byuma byakuwe muri bateri ya lithium yakoreshejwe ni nkubutunzi bwo gusinzira. Bimaze gukanguka, Irashobora kugarura urumuri kandi igatanga inyungu nyinshi mubukungu.
Byongeye kandi, guhanga udushya nikoranabuhanga ni moteri yingenzi yo guteza imbere inganda zangiza imyanda ya litiro. Gusa mugihe duhora ducamo icyuho cya tekiniki no kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya no gukoresha neza umutungo dushobora gukemura byimazeyo ibibazo by ibidukikije biterwa na bateri ya lithium yimyanda kandi tugera kumajyambere arambye yinganda.
Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, ibigo byinshi n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi byongereye ishoramari R&D kandi bashakisha byimazeyo ikoranabuhanga rishya ndetse n’ibikorwa, kandi bakoze ibintu byinshi. Ibigo bimwe byateje imbere ibikoresho byinshi byo gusenya byikora bishobora kurangiza gusenya bateri ya lithium yimyanda neza kandi neza; ibigo bimwe byubushakashatsi byubumenyi byiyemeje guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ryangiza ibidukikije kandi rikora neza, riharanira kuzamura igipimo cyo kugarura ibyuma no kugabanya umwanda w’ibidukikije.
Umwanzuro
Kongera gukoresha bateri zikoreshwa na lithium ntabwo ari inshingano zinganda na guverinoma gusa, ahubwo bisaba uruhare rwabaturage bose. Nkabaguzi basanzwe, dushobora guhera kuri twe ubwacu kandi tukagira uruhare rugaragara muri sisitemu yo gutunganya bateri ya lithium yakoreshejwe kugirango tugire uruhare mukurengera ibidukikije.
Turashobora guhitamo kohereza terefone zigendanwa zikoreshwa, mudasobwa zigendanwa nibindi bicuruzwa bya elegitoronike kumiyoboro isanzwe ikoreshwa aho kuyijugunya uko bishakiye; mugihe tuguze ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu, turashobora guha umwanya wambere ibicuruzwa bitanga serivise zo gutunganya ibicuruzwa; Tugomba kandi guteza imbere cyane akamaro ko gutunganya bateri ya lithium ikoreshwa kandi dushishikarize abantu benshi kwitabira iki gikorwa cyo kurengera ibidukikije.
Kongera gukoreshabaterini umurimo muremure kandi utoroshye, ariko dufite impamvu zo kwizera ko hamwe nimbaraga za guverinoma, inganda ninzego zose za societe, tuzashobora gutangira inzira yicyatsi kandi irambye yiterambere, kuburyo bateri za lithium zidashobora. igihe kirekire kuba umutwaro kubidukikije, ariko ube umutungo w'agaciro kandi ugire uruhare mukubaka isi nziza.
Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa ushaka kwiga byinshi, nyamuneka ntutindiganyeutugereho.
Gusaba Amagambo:
Jacqueline:jacqueline@heltec-bms.com/ +86 185 8375 6538
Intsinzi:sucre@heltec-bms.com/ +86 136 8844 2313
Nancy:nancy@heltec-bms.com/ +86 184 8223 7713
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-15-2024