Intangiriro:
Bateri ya lithiumbabaye igice cyingenzi mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, bufite imbaraga zose muri terefone na mudasobwa zigendanwa ku binyabiziga by'amashanyarazi hamwe na sisitemu yo kubika ingufu. Amateka ya bateri ya lithium ni urugendo rushimishije rumara imyaka mirongo, rurangwa niterambere rikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya. Kuva mu ntangiriro yo kwicisha bugufi kumwanya wabyo nkububi bwo kubika ingufu, bateri ya lithium yahinduye uburyo dukoresha no kubika amashanyarazi.
Kurema bariyeri ya lithium
Inkuru yabateri ya lithiumAmatariki asubira muri za 1970, mugihe abashakashatsi batangiye gukora ubushakashatsi kuri lithium imbaraga nkigikoresho cyingenzi muri bateri yishyuwe. Muri icyo gihe ni bwo abahanga mu bya siyansi yavumbuye imitungo idasanzwe, harimo n'imbaraga nyinshi zifite imbaraga na kamere yoroheje, bigatuma ari byiza kubikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Ubu buvumbuzi bwashyizeho urufatiro rwo guteza imbere bateri ya lithium-ion, izakomeza kuganza isoko rya elegitoroniki zimaze imyaka igeze.
Mu 1979, chemiste wa kaminuza ya Oxford John Gooneyeugh maze ikipe ye yateye intambwe kandi itezimbere bateri ya Lithium-ion. Ubu bupamini bwabapayiniya bwashyizeho urufatiro rwo kubeshya bariyeri ya Lithium-ion, bikaba bikaba byamamare byihuse kubera imikorere yabo yo hejuru no mu buryo burebure ugereranije na batteri gakondo na acide.
Mu myaka ya za 1980 na 1990, ibikorwa byinshi byubushakashatsi n'iterambere ryiterambere byibandaho kunoza imikorere n'umutekano wa bateri ya lithium. Imwe mu mbogamizi zingenzi nukubona izo hitamo rihamye zishobora kwihanganira ubucucike bwingufu za lithium utabangamiye. Ibi byatumye habaho iterambere ryimirimo itandukanye ya electrolyte hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga amashanyarazi kunoza cyane kwizerwa numutekano bya bateri ya lithium-ion.
Ibyerekeranye na bateri ya lithium
Mu myaka ya za 1980 na 1990, ibikorwa byinshi byubushakashatsi n'iterambere ryiterambere byibandaho kunoza imikorere n'umutekano wa bateri ya lithium. Imwe mu mbogamizi zingenzi nukubona izo hitamo rihamye zishobora kwihanganira ubucucike bwingufu za lithium utabangamiye. Ibi byatumye habaho iterambere ryimirimo itandukanye ya electrolyte hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga amashanyarazi kunoza cyane kwizerwa numutekano bya bateri ya lithium-ion.
Intangiriro 2000 zanditseho impinduka za bateri ya lithuum, hamwe niterambere muri banotechnology nibikoresho byubumenyi zitera imbere lithium fosphate (ubuzima bwa lithium polymer. Iyi misozi mishya ya bateri itanga ubushobozi bwo hejuru, ubushobozi bwihuse hamwe nibiranga umutekano, biyongera ko gukoresha bateri ya lithuum mumodoka, aerospace hamwe ningufu zingufu.
Ejo hazaza h'iriyo
Kwegera ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi (EVS) no Guhinga Ibisubizo byo kubika ingufu byatumye habaho iterambere ryimikorere miremirebateri ya lithium. Mu myaka yashize, iterambere rikomeye muri tekinoroji ya bateri nka electrolytes ikomeye na anode ya silicon yongeye guteza imbere ingufu no kuzenguruka ibirimi bya lithium, bikabahindura uburyo bwiza bwo kubika ingufu hamwe na gride.
Amateka ya bateri ya lithium yerekana gukurikirana neza udushya nimbaraga zikoranabuhanga. Uyu munsi, bateri ya lithium ni imfuruka yinzibacyuho isukuye, ifasha kurera ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi no kwishyira hamwe kwingufu. Mugihe isi ishaka kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku bihangano by'ibinyabuzima no kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere, bateri ya lithium izagira uruhare runini mu guhindura ejo hazaza irambye kandi nto-karubone.
Umwanzuro
Muri make, amateka yiterambere yabateri ya lithiumni urugendo rudasanzwe rwo kuvumburwa kwa siyansi, udushya twikoranabuhanga, no guhindura inganda. Kuva mu minsi yabo ya mbere nkuko amatsiko ya laboratoire muburyo bwabo nkububiro bubinyaga bwingufu, bateri ya lithium yaje kubungabunga isi ya none. Mugihe dukomeje gufungura ubushobozi bwuzuye bwa bateri ya lithium, tuzakoresha mububiko bushya bwo kubika ingufu, byizewe kandi burambye bizatera ejo hazaza h'umubumbe wacu.
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